Lighting design should not only be familiar with the light source and lighting fixtures, but also deeply consider the space to be illuminated, the nature of the lighting object (architectural design, architecture, as well as indoor and outdoor materials, colors, workmanship, etc.) and many factors of people's visual psychology and physiological characteristics.

Basic knowledge of lighting design

1. The actual lighting design involves the whole building and its space, including how to make the building and space add beauty due to lighting, how to make people be moved by the effect, and the lighting design has long exceeded the scope of lighting fixtures.

2. The United States was the first to take lighting designers as a profession (in the 40s of the 20th century), and Japan (in the 70s of the 20th century).

3. Richard. Kelly, a famous American lighting designer (father of lighting design). Major works: Kimbell Museum of Art, Fordworth, Texas (a blend of natural and artificial lighting); the lighting design of the entire wall of Picasso's mural in the entrance hall of the Seagreme Tower in New York;

4, Richard. Kelly's lighting technology to create happiness and comfort: (1) the overall space is completely covered with ambient lighting with a warm and peaceful atmosphere; (2) High-brightness lighting that makes the illuminated object clearer and clearer; (3) Brilliant lighting that makes people feel entertained.

5. Lighting design should not only be familiar with the light source and lighting fixtures, but also deeply consider the space to be illuminated, the nature of the lighting object (architectural design, architecture, as well as indoor and outdoor materials, colors, workmanship, etc.) and many factors of people's visual psychology and physiological characteristics.

1. Light, darkness and illumination

1. Light is not only the light that can be perceived by human vision, but also includes infrared and ultraviolet light that cannot be perceived by human vision. We call these lights electromagnetic waves, and the different wavelength ranges determine the properties of various wavelengths.

2. The wavelength domain adjacent to the wavelength domain of visible light, and shorter than the wavelength of visible light is ultraviolet ray, and similarly, the wavelength domain longer than the wavelength of visible light is infrared. Infrared rays mainly have a thermal effect; Ultraviolet rays can produce sunlight sterilization and phosphor luminescence according to different wavelengths.

3. Reduce meaningless lighting, highlight a part, and improve the ambient atmosphere and visibility to highlight the overall lighting effect. Recognize shadows and darkness.

4. The lighting techniques and methods change with the different types of light sources. The different materials used in buildings and lighting fixtures can reflect, transmit and refract the light emitted by the light source, thus greatly changing the nature of the light emitted by the light source.

5. Among the transmissive materials, there are translucent lantern paper, pasted window paper, thin marble, translucent plastic, translucent glass, wax stone, etc. Transmissive materials are mainly used in lighting fixtures. Due to the different production places and processing processes, as well as the use of different light sources, unique light sources can be obtained. The primary light source of incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps can also be used as a light source due to reflection and transmission, which is the so-called secondary light source.

6. High-brightness refers to the spotlight and other lights that make the illuminated object reflected, which is more prominent and bright than the surroundings, and the visual effect is better; Light wall, the surface of the wall is smooth and clean, and the lighting method that obtains bright and uniform light (for smooth walls made of marble and granite, the light wall with a certain lighting angle can obtain smooth and calm iridescent reflected light without glare; On the same wall, if a lighting fixture is forced to shine on the wall at a certain distance from the wall, the luminaire will be reflected into the wall, and the result is a cold, stiff and dazzling reflected light.)

2. Brightness and light color

1. In some cases, brightness can be regarded as illumination, but illumination does not mean that it makes people feel bright in space. The range of lux meters used by lighting designers and lighting engineers is 0LX~100000LX. Illuminance is measured with a lux meter, mostly on the level of the floor and table.

2. Purkinye's phenomenon, 170 years ago, Purkinye found that orange and yellow appear brighter than blue with the same illumination in shiny places, and blue is easier to see in dark places.

3. Brightness, cd/m2—candela/square meter.

4. If the light and the light-emitting surface are separated into small parts, the beam will be relatively dispersed, which is of great significance in the performance of lighting. It is better to install several low-wattage lamps than to install several low-wattage lamps and work the design of the lamps, and you will get superb lighting performance.

5. Visible spectrum, 380~780nm (nanometer, 10-9 meters). The visible spectrum can be produced not only from the sun, but also from candles, incandescent lights, and fluorescent lamps for general lighting.

6. In general lighting lamps, near the long wavelength of red like lamps and incandescent lamps, the light color of the light source is warm white, and near the short wavelength of blue, the light color of the light source is cold white. The light color with such a continuous spectrum is called color temperature (quantification unit: K), and in the daily illumination space, there are about 2000K~6500K light colors at your disposal.

7. The lower the color temperature of the light source, the more warm red will increase, and the higher the color temperature, the more blue will increase.

8. Warm light lighting with low color temperature is used for buildings with a long history; The new buildings are often illuminated with white light with a high color temperature to make them more eye-catching.

9. The nature of the light source that expresses the color of the object is called color rendering. Color rendering is generally expressed by the average color rendering index (CRI), and the highest standard color rendering index is 100.